Mi Otro Blog

Mi otro Blog

martes, octubre 12, 2010

Early Spring Nutrition Expriments

65 beehives were taken from the mountains in the south of Chile (lat -40º) at the begining of winter (28th june) and moved the 12th of July 1000km north (lat -32º) were spring was starting (ie a complete change of flora).

All the colonies were around 5 frames of bees but were not check in detail cause of the rain during the period when moved down the mountain and towards the northen location. All of them were treated with amitraz for varroa in february and given fumagilin for nosema in april.

At their arrival they were treated again for varroa with formic pads, three aplications a week apart (120 ml of 65% formic acid per time). Only J+ and J++ were not treated with formic pads. At the same time 11 different feeding protocols were applied.


Treatments

J = Jarabe = 1 litre sugar syrup 67 brix

J+ = 1 litre sugar syrup + 250 g pollen patties with 0.06% orego-stim (liquid)

J++ = 1 litre sugar syrup + 250 g pollen patties with 0.06% orego-stim (powder)

JCo = 1 litre sugar syrup with 40 mg CoSo4

JCoo = 1 litre sugar syrup with 40 mg CoSo4 and 0.06% orégano essential oil (liquid)

Jf- = 1 litre sugar syrup with 1.5 g fumagilin (Medivet) + 250 g pollen pattie

JfCo = 1 litre sugar syrup with 1.5 g fumagilin (medivet) and 40 mg CoSo4

JfL = 1 litre sugar syrup with 1.5 g fumagilin (medivet) and 5 cc of Promotor-L

JL = 1 litre sugar syrup with 5 cc of Promotor-L

Jo- = 1 litre sugar syrup with 0.06% orégano essential oil (liquid) + 250 g pollen pattie

JoL = 1 litre sugar syrup with 0.06% orégano essential oil (liquid) and 5 cc of Promotor-L


Only Nosema was sampled before and after treatment. The frames with bees was evaluated after treatment by the same person (me).


Some of the colonies did not stand the formic treatment and changed the queens. Most did stand the treatments. The colonies without queen or with virgins were taken out of the results computations.


All treatments started with 5 colonies but Jf- and Jo- started with 10 colonies.

Results

Number of colonies for computation (one week after feeding period ie a month after the start of experiment).



Tratamiento

N

J

5

J+

5

J++

5

JCo

4

JCoo

4

Jf-

10

JfCo

5

JfL

3

JL

5

Jo-

8

JoL

4


The changed of queen due to formic might be related to the age of the queen.



spores per Bee

Tratamiento

exantes

Expost

J

312000

2381000

J+

449000

1393000

J++

520000

3822000

JCo

422500

3368750

JCoo

152500

1516250

Jf-

1488500

864000

JfCo

572000

269000

JfL

1391667

2433333

JL

204000

1190000

Jo-

308750

2243125

JoL

103750

1133750



Nosemosis Variation

Tratamiento

Promedio

Desv. St.

Desvst/promedio

J

0.15

0.08

56%

J+

0.70

0.99

141%

J++

24.34

48.14

198%

JCo

0.18

0.18

102%

JCoo

0.13

0.10

79%

Jf-

9.28

18.13

195%

JfCo

5.79

3.89

67%

JfL

0.51

0.67

133%

JL

1.36

2.06

152%

Jo-

0.17

0.17

102%

JoL

0.10

0.05

50%



Frame with Bee

Tratamiento

MA

Desv. St. MA

% varia

J

6.60

1.82

28%

J+

8.00

1.41

18%

J++

5.80

2.17

37%

JCo

7.00

2.16

31%

JCoo

6.25

1.71

27%

Jf-

7.10

1.45

20%

JfCo

4.80

2.17

45%

JfL

6.00

0.00

0%

JL

6.40

0.89

14%

Jo-

6.38

2.39

37%

JoL

7.00

1.41

20%


Discution

1.- Bad experiment, two much treatments at the same time.

2.- Too good environmental conditions (good pollen flow)

3.- Only JfCo sistematically reduced nosemosis, but it is at the same time the treatment with less growing incentive.

J++ and Jf- also reduced nosemosis, but with a higher variation within colonies. J++ is the second worst incentive treatment.

4.- The best spring incentive treatment was J+ but in 4 of the 5 colonies nosema was increased.

5.- The increase of spore load was much higher than expected for a biological growth. I tend to think the increase is related to autum honey consumption with spores (infective reservoir).


photo credit: Blessed-Bee Apiaries Inc.

sábado, octubre 09, 2010

Que otra forma podría tener


Una nueva publicación disponible en PlosOne

Iridovirus and Microsporidian Linked to Honey Bee Colony Decline

trata de resolver el problema del CCD en UsA a través de la presencia conjunta de Nosema ceranae y un Iridovirus.

Bailey et al generan en 1976 la primera información sobre estos iridovirus, presentándonos con la imagen de los viriones en los cuerpos grasos. No se indica magnificación.

Actualmente el capo es el mexicano Trevor William - parte del equipo de PlosOne - quién indica:

" desafortunadamente todavia no hemos aislado el virus de las abejas. Lo que se detectó fue la "huella dactilar" de las proteinas de la particula de iridovirus en los tejidos de las abejas enfermas. Estamos trabajando ahora para aislar el virus, secuenciarlo y llevar a cabo los experimentos de inoculación para confirmar la hipótesis que hemos planteado.

NO ES POSIBLE visualizar el virus con el microscopio optico; se requiere un microscopio electrónico debido al tamaño de la particula (aprox. 130 nanomentros en diametro)."

Cada día es más claro la importancia de mantener controlada la Nosema ceranae y Varroa, para no permitir la infección y multiplicación de este u otros virus que ya sabemos matan a nuestras abejas.

De igual forma esperar confirmación de la efectividad de aceites esenciales en el control del virus.

http://www.microbiologybytes.com/virology/kalmakoff/Iridoviruses.html

jueves, octubre 07, 2010

Best Blueberry Pollinator


And we did the cuota. We manage to gather all the colonies totalizing 2030 pollinating blueberries at Angol, Vilcún and Gorbea.

Now managment to make them grow and fill the first super without swarming.

End of october we will take the first ones to the mountain for some Tineo.

Now they are happy with roble (n. oblicua), michay and some ground flora.

El viaje en Robusto desde Tilama un martirio. Robusto se fue a pits a revisarle la empaquetadura de culata.

Katty deberá entrar a pits por el coque del Tuto, y Angelito debe pasar al revisión técnica este martes.

Edgardo debe dar exámen práctico para la clase A este miércoles.